Long-acting amylin analogue
Category
Amylin
ID
NNC0174-0839
Amount per vial
1000 nmol
Amylin is a 37-amino acid peptide that is stored in pancreatic beta cells and co-secreted with insulin. Amylin is an important regulator of energy metabolism and belongs to the calcitonin peptide family. Amylin acts via amylin receptors have mainly been identified in the hind brain. The amylin receptor consists of a calcitonin receptor (several splice variants) which heterodimerizes with one of three receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) splice variants thus generating many possible amylin receptor subtypes with different pharmacological properties.
NNC0174-0839 is a dual-acting amylin analogue with agonistic effects on the amylin receptor as well as the calcitonin receptor. NNC0174-0839 have been designed to be long-acting in vivo . The main mechanism for the extended half-life is albumin binding.Category
Amylin
ID
NNC0174-0839
Amount per vial
1000 nmol
| Property |
NNC0174-0839 |
Rat amylin (NNC0174-4010) |
| MW [Da] | 4479.1 | 3920.4 |
| pI | 7.0 | 13.3 |
| Fatty acid | C20 diacid | - |
| Linker | gGlu | - |
| Extinction coefficient 280 nm | 1615 | 1615 |
| Sum formula | C200 H310 N54 O59 S2 | C167 H272 N52 O53 S2 |
Figure 1
2D sketch of NNC0174-0839. NNC0174-0839 has a C20 fatty diacid side chain which is attached via a glutamic acid linker to the N-terminal. The fatty acid side chain enables reversible binding to serum albumin in the blood stream, which increases the half-life of the molecule.The in vitro data for NNC0174-0839 in the table are based on cellular assays using cloned receptors in Baby Hamster Kidney (BHK) cells. A BHK cell line which was stably transfected with the human calcitonin (a) receptor (hCTR) and a cAMP responsive element (CRE) luciferase reporter gene. The cell line was further transfected with receptor modifying protein 3 (RAMP3) thus generating the human amylin 3(a) receptor (hAMYR3). The in vitro potency assays with hAMYR3 and hCTR were performed in the absence or presence of 1% (w/v) human serum albumin (HSA) in a buffer containing 0.1% ovalbumin. Since albumin binding is a key mechanism for the design of NNC0174-0839, be aware that the apparent affinity and potency will be very dependent on whether the in vitro assays contain albumin or not.
| hAMYR3
potency (EC50, pM)
Mean (95% confidence interval) | ||
| Compound | No HSA | 1% HSA |
| NNC0174-0839 | 6.6. (5.0 to 8.6) | 522 (422 to 631) |
| Pramlintide | 2.1 (1.4 to 3.2) | 2.3 (1.8 to 3.0) |
| Salmon calcitonin | 1.4 (1.0 to 1.9) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.2) |
| hCTR
potency (EC50, pM)
Mean (95% confidence interval) | ||
| NNC0174-0839 | 7.4 (5.4 to 9.7) | 249 (199 to 311) |
| Pramlintide | 28.3 (13.8 to 57.9) | 32.9 (17.0 ot 63.7) |
| Salmon calcitonin | 3.5 (1.5 to 8.4) | 1.7 (0.6 to 4.9) |
The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of amylin can be assessed in various animal models; however, pigs are not a suitable model for PD studies.
Unlike other known amylin receptor agonists such as salmon calcitonin and pramlintide, NNC0174-0839 can bind to serum albumin and therefore displays a significantly longer half-life. In mini-pigs, NNC0174-0839 displays a terminal half-life (T1/2) of 110 h following a s.c. administration of a single dose of 10 nmol/kg.
The pharmacodynamic properties of amylin such as appetite reduction and reduction of body weight can be studied in rats. The effect on food intake (FI) in lean Sprague Dawley rats after s.c. administration of a single dose of NNC0174-0839 given prior to onset of the dark phase is shown in the table below. The reduction in accumulated food intake is reported relative to vehicle-treated rats within the same study.
| Dose | FI
reduction 0-24 h
(%) | FI
reduction 24-48 h
(%) | FI
reduction 0-48 h
(%) |
| 3 nmol/kg | 49 | 25 | 37 |
Adverse effects
Amylin analogues can cause gastro-intestinal side effects such as nausea and feeling of malaise. Therefore, dose escalation should be introduced if doses higher than 10 nmol/kg is being investigated in rats. Doses can be escalated every third day.
NNC0174-0839 also induce acute hypocalcaemia in young rodents, especially in rats. This can potentially lead to serious side effects and even death, so stress should be avoided prior to dosing and Sprague Dawley rats from Janvier Labs should not be used for in vivo experiments since these are very sensitive to the hypocalcaemia-inducing properties of NNC0174-0839.